4.4.3. Statistical-Dynamical Models

Statistical-dynamical models (SDMs) are generally 2-D in form, with usually one horizontal and one vertical dimension, though variants with two horizontal dimensions have been developed. Standard SDMs combine the horizontal energy transfer modelled by EBMs with the radiative-convective approach of RCMs. However, the equator-to-pole energy transfer is simulated in a more sophisticated manner, based on theoretical and empirical relationships of the cellular flow between latitudes.

Parameters such as wind speed and wind direction are modelled by statistical relations whilst the laws of motion are used to obtain a measure of energy diffusion as in an EBM. Hence the description statistical-dynamical. They are particular useful in investigations of the role of horizontal energy transfer, and the processes which disturb that transfer directly.